COURSE SYLLABUS
FOREST HYDROLOGY (2008)
FOR 3592
Instructor: Dr. Hal O. Liechty
Office: 128 Forest Resource Building
Hours: T, W 10:00-11:00; W 2:00-4:00
Email Liechty@UAMONT.EDU
Phone: 460-1452 Home: 460-0586
Course
Description: Basic environmental characteristics and processes, which control the movement, distribution, and quality of water resources in forest ecosystems, will be reviewed. The effect of forest and natural resource management practices on hydrological processes and water resources will be emphasized. This class will have a 1-hour lecture and a 3 hour lab each week (other field trips can also be scheduled as needed)
Course
Objectives: The objective of the course is to:
1) introduce the basic scientific principles involved in hydrology, water cycles, and process which determine distribution, movement, and water characteristics
2) give participants a better understanding how alteration of forest communities influences water resources,
3) familiarize students with forest management practices which minimizes degradation of water quality,
4) acquaint students with socially important water resource issues faced by natural resource managers.
Required Text: Hydrology and the Management of Watersheds. Kenneth N. Brooks, P. F. Ffolliott, Hans M. Gregersen, Leonard F. DeBano. 2003
Supplemental Texts: Stream Ecology and Self-Purification: An Introduction. 2001. Spellman and Drinan
Environmental Hydrology. Ward and Elliot 1995.
Principles of Forest Hydrology. Hewlett 1982.
Wildland Watershed Management, Satterland and Adams. 1992
Forest Hydrology. Wang 2003.
Equipment: Students need access to a pair of waders, preferably chest waders
Prerequisites: Forest Soils (FOR 2264) or Ag Soils (AGRO 2244); Forest Mensuration (FOR 2273); Forest Mensuration Lab (FOR 2071)
Attendance Policy: Attendance in lecture and on field trips is optional, however students will be held responsible for all material, handouts, or assignments presented in lecture and on field trips. Absences from exams are possible if extenuating circumstances exist and the individual gets permission in advance by the instructor. Students who have excessive absences, which may begin at six hours of lectures missed, may be withdrawn from a course with a grade of “W” or “F”.
Grading Policy: Grades will be based on the content of material presented to the instructor, subject to the following:
1. Midterm examination 75 points
2. Lab assignments/quizzes/homework 120 points
3. Lab final 75 points
4. Final Exam 75 points
Total 345 points
Final letter grades will be calculated by the 90-80-70-60 and below (A-B-C-D- and F, respectively). The instructor reserves the right (but does not promise) to alter this percentage scale if a consideration of the final numerical grade distribution so indicates.
Other LATE ASSIGNMENT POLICY: All assignments with a specified due
Information date will be treated as follows:
1. Assignments handed in on or before the due date will be gladly accepted.
2. Assignments handed in up to two weeks past the due date will be accepted, with an automatic deduction of 5 points per day for being late. After this date a zero grade will be given.
CHEATING: All work you turn in is to be your own. Cheating or sharing answers on exams, plagiarizing on papers, and copying lab reports is highly unprofessional and unethical. A first offense will result in a 0 grade for the exam or paper. A second offense will result in automatic failure of the course and a note to your permanent record. There is no appeal of these penalties, but my decisions can be appealed, to the dean and the campus Student Equity and Grievance Committee.
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES:
It is the policy of the University of Arkansas-Monticello to accommodate individuals with disabilities pursuant to federal law and the University’s commitment to equal educational opportunities. It is the responsibility of the student to inform the instructor of any necessary accommodations at the beginning of the course. Any student requiring accommodations should contact the Office of Special Student Services located in Harris Hall Room 120, phone 87–460-1026; TDD 870-460-1626; fax 870-460-1926.
School of Forest Resources
University of Arkansas – Monticello Professionalism Statement
Students in the School of Forest Resources are pursuing courses of study that prepare them for careers as natural resources professionals. Professional education is much more than technical training and encompasses professional resource education as well as general education, social science and humanities courses. Collectively, these subjects constitute professional education.
Since the School is dedicated to professional education rather than technical training, the faculty and staff have certain expectations of themselves and of SFR students with regard to professionalism and personal conduct in their preparation for careers in the natural resource professions. Thus, SFR students and faculty are expected to exhibit conduct and attitudes appropriate to professionals.
Conduct and attitudes appropriate for professionals include, but are not restricted to,
1. The UA-M Code of Student Conduct published in the University catalog,
2. Attitudes appropriate for resource professionals of the 21st Century:
a. Respect for others and for their ideas;
b. Appreciation for ethnic and gender diversity in the workplace;
c. Sensitivity to environmental quality;
d. Adherence to professional ethics, e.g. the Society of American Foresters Code of Ethics.
Instructors reserve the right to reduce student grades or withdraw the student from class for unprofessional behavior.
Disorderly conduct or disruptive behavior will not be tolerated in the School of Forest Resources. Such conduct may result in dismissal from classes.
Class Outline 2007
Date
of Section Topic Readings
1/9 Lect. CLASS ORGANIZATION
I. Introduction
A. Functions of Water Chang 1:6-13
B. What is a Watershed?
1/15 Lab Units of Water & Sediment Accounting (15 pts)
1/16 Lect. C. Watershed Management Brooks 1:3-18
II. Water and Energy Cycles
A. Forest Ecosystem Hydrologic Cycle Brooks 2:23-24
III. Precipitation and Interception
A. Moisture in the Atmosphere Brooks 2:23-28
1/22 Lab NO CLASS
1/23 Lect. B. Precipitation Chang 8:133-134
1. Conditions for Precipitation
C. Interception and Net Precipitation Brooks 2: 38-44
1. Components of Interception
2. Interception Process
1/29 Lab Precipitation Measurements, Theisson Method for Brooks 2:24-34
Area Measurements, Precipitation Event Description (15 pts) Ward and Elliot 2.2, 2.4-2.7
1/30 Lect. 3. Hydrologic Importance of Interception
2. Storm Systems
IV. Evapotranspiration and Soil Water Storage Brooks 3: 47-51
A. Process
1. Energyflow
2. Water Flow in Soil and Plants Brooks 3:52-61
2/4 Lect 3. Vapor Flow-----------------MONDAY---------------------
B. Evaporation from Soil
C. Transpiration
D. Vegetation & Cover Brooks 3:64-65
2/5 Lab Frequency Analysis and Changes in Storm Water Brooks 2:34-37
Impacts of Vegetation Removal (15 pts) Brooks 6:123-126
Ward & Elliot 2.14
2/6 NO CLASS
2/12 Lab Infiltration: Soils and Forest Management (15pts)-Field-
2/13 Lect. V. Infiltration, Runoff, Water Yields Streamflow Brooks 4:77-88
A. Infiltration & Percolation
1.Capacity & Rates
2. Factors Affecting Capacity & Rates
3. Land Use Impacts
B. Runoff, Streamflow, Water Yields
1. Streamflow and Stormflow Discharge Components Brooks 4:90-91, 95
2/19 Lab Topograpy & Map Reading (15 pts)-Field/Lab-
2/20 Lect. 2. Factors Affecting Stormflow and Streamflow Ward &
a) Watershed Size, Shape, and Soils Elliot 5.2-5.4
b) Precipitation Amounts, Intensity, Duration
c) Land Use and Vegetation Management Brooks 6:124-126
133-151
C. Drainage Basin and Stream Characteristics & Classification
1. Drainage Basin & Stream Terminology Spellman & Drinan
2/26 Lab Watershed Delineation and Measurement (15 pts)
2/27 Lect 2. Drainage Pattern, Density, and Morphology 2.8-2.10
3. Streamflow Classification Satterlund 4.1
4. Stream Order Elliot 7.3; Brooks 4:
88-89
5. Channel Classification Brooks 10
3/4 Lab Stream Discharge; and Loads (15 points) (Waders)-Field
3/5 Lect. VI. Groundwater Brooks 5:107-112
A. Basic Concepts
B. Storage and Movement
C. Confined and Unconfined Aquifers
D. Management of Groundwater Resources
3/11 Lab Test
3/12 Lect VII. Sediment Yield and Channel Process
A. Processes of Sediment Transport Brooks 9: 211-222
B. Sediment Yield Brooks 9: 223-225
VIII. Water Quality Characteristics Brooks 11 257-282
A. Physical Characteristics
1. Sediment
3/18-19 Spring Break
3/25 Lab Water Chemistry and Quality (15 pts)
3/26 Lect 2. Thermal Pollution
3. Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand
B. Bacteriological Quality
C. Aquatic Life Spellman & Drinan
9, 11
4/1 Lab Measuring Slopes & SMZ Delineation & Widths (15 pts)-Field
4/2 Lect IX. Water Quality Management Brooks 12: 283-299
A. Maintenance of Water Quality Standards
B. Impacts of Forest Management on Water Quality
C. Roads and Water Quality
4/4 or 4/7 X. Riparian Zones--------------FRIDAY or MONDAY----------
B. Streamside Management Zones
1. What are riparian areas Brooks 13 309-331
2. Functions of riparian areas
3. Woody debris and riparian areas
4. Disturbances
4/8 Lab BMP Movies
4/9 Lect XI. Water Policy
A. Clean Water Act
B. BMP
1. History in Arkansas
2. Implementation in Arkansas
3. Implementation in other States
4/15 Lab - Aquatic Life as Bio-indicaters (Bonus 10 pts)
4/16 Lect. C. Arkansas BMP SMZ
D. Arkansas BMP Roads, erosion control structures
4/22 Lab Field BMPs Visit with Industry
4/23 Lect. E. Stream Crossings
F Revegetation / Chemicals
XII Wetlands Brooks 16 353-364
A. Types of wetlands & Geomorphology
B. Hydrology of wetlands
4/29 Lab Lab Test
Learning Objectives
A. Must obtain a 70% on 4 of the 5 items below
1) Watersheds Delineation: Be able to delineate a watershed boundary on a USGS quad map, label the water divide, label the outlet, and determine the watershed order. (Evaluation: Lab Test)
2) Basic Mapping Skills: Be able to determine aspect, determine slope, measure stream length, watershed or polygon area, and use map scale. (Evaluation: Lab Test)
3) Understanding Water Units: Students will know how to express water volumes as acre-feet or acre-inches; determine concentrations (ppm or mg/l) for sediment or ions given volume and sediment or ion mass in that volume, determine sediment or ion mass given concentration and water volume, utilize water specific gravity to determine mass of water from a given volume. (Evaluation: Mid-term;Lab Test
4) Measuring Precipitation: Students will be able to calculate total amount of precipitation, precipitation intensity, and precipitation intensity using a weighing rain gauge drum chart. (Evaluation: Mid-term; Lab Test).
5) Return Interval & Storm Probabilities: A successful student will be able to define return interval, calculate a probably of a storm event in a given year for a return interval or return interval given a storm event probability, and determine probability of not having a storm event for a given year. (Evaluation: Mid-term; Lab Test)
B. Best management Practices
1) Terminology (Group 1): A successful student will demonstrate that they understand the following terms with definitions as in p.49-54 of Arkansas BMP manual.
Active Road Best Management Practices
Braided Streams Broadbased Dip
Grade Inactive Road
Nonpoint Source Pollution Rolling Dip
Sediment Streamside Management Zone
Water Bar Water Turbidity
Wingditch
(Student demonstrates they understand 11 of 13 of these terms; Mid-term & Final Test)
2) BMP-SMZ: Students will be able to delineate proper SMZ widths for non-ephemeral streams (Sect. 2.11-.13, p. 9 Arkansas BMP guidelines) and to maintain proper tree density (basal area) in SMZ (Sect. 2.14 p. 92.51 p. 10 Arkansas BMP guidelines). (Demonstrate once- Laboratory, Lab Final, or Final Test)
3) BMP-Stream Crossings: Students will be able apply Arkansas BMP guidelines ( 3.90, 3.91, 3.92, 3.94, 3.95, p 20; Section 12.40, page 45) for installing culverts (Demonstrate once-Lab Test or Final Test)
4) BMP- Rolling Dips & Water Bars: Students will understand which of these two erosion control devices should be used for active and inactive roads, distances to use for each portion of the water control device, and out slope angles employed ( Section 12.2 & 13.0 Arkansas BMP Guidelines). (Demonstrate once-Lab Test or Final)
C: General Knowledge (Students will receive a 70% or greater on the following information for at least 4 of the 5 learning objectives below).
1) Infiltration: Students will understand the effects of soil texture, surface roughness, landuse (forests & nonforests) antecedent moisture, and compaction on infiltration (Evaluation: Mid-term & Final)
2) Stream Storm Hydrograph: Students will be able to define and explain the contributions of channel interception, surface runoff, subsurface flow, and base flow to storm flow and a storm hydrograph. (Evaluation: Mid-term & Final)
3) Stream Classification: Students will be able to classify streams as perennial, intermittent, or ephemeral based on frequency of stream flow, as well as determine stream order and stream segment order based on stream system characteristics. (Evaluation: Mid-term & Final)
4) Aquifers: Students should be able to classify aquifers as either confined or unconfined. (Evaluation: Final)
5) Sediment and Water Quality: Students will be able to explain the ecological, physical, and nutrient/chemical effects of sediment on water quality (Evaluation: Final)